絢麗多彩拉威爾150週年：新銳鋼琴家踴躍競演，相映成輝

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　　二○二五年適逢法國作曲家拉威爾誕辰一百五十週年，音樂界推出多項紀念活動。Breitkopf & Härtel出版由拉威爾專家蒙納爾（Jean-François Monnard）編輯的「原典版」（Urtext）樂譜，涵蓋《G大調鋼琴協奏曲》、《圓舞曲》（La Valse）及歌劇《孩童與魔法》（L’Enfant et les sortilèges）。這些版本的樂譜不僅修正過往錯誤，還附上學術前言與評論，剖析拉威爾的配器與和聲特色。在協奏曲的樂譜中，還特別標上鋼琴家帕斯卡·羅傑（Pascal Rogé）提供的指法建議，提升實用性，為演奏者與研究者帶來新視野。

　　在唱片與音樂會領域，韓國鋼琴家趙成珍（Seong-Jin Cho）備受矚目。他於二○二五年初發行拉威爾完整鋼琴獨奏作品錄音，並收錄二○二三年五月與二○二四年一月在波士頓交響廳與尼爾森斯（Andris Nelsons）及波士頓交響樂團合作的兩首協奏曲實況。此外，他計劃於一至六月在歐美與亞洲舉辦獨奏會，按創作順序演出拉威爾十三首鋼琴獨奏曲，每場長近三小時（含中場休息）。

　　趙成珍與拉威爾的淵源始於童年。小學五年級時，他初次彈奏《鏡》（Miroirs）中的〈小丑的晨歌〉（Alborada del gracioso），技巧艱深，但彈奏的經驗卻讓他感到興奮不已，「當時覺得音符越多越難，反而更有挑戰性」。在藝園學校（Yewon School）期間，他常以《夜的加斯巴》（Gaspard de la nuit）中的〈史卡波〉（Scarbo）參加同學間的演奏競賽，這首被認為超越李斯特《超技練習曲》的作品成為他展現技術的利器。然而，高中彈奏《圓舞曲》時，卻讓他感受到表現力的極限，這段經歷深化了他對拉威爾音樂複雜性的理解，促成此次錄音計畫。他表示：「拉威爾的音樂有些外表看似簡單，卻有極複雜的內在結構，需要高度控制力與細膩表現。」

　　趙成珍視拉威爾為「知性且完美主義」的作曲家，認為其音樂融合了浪漫主義與印象派特質，既有華麗、夢幻的色彩，但比德布西更嚴謹理性，樂譜標示精確，演奏者須忠實遵循。在巴黎國立高等音樂舞蹈學院（Conservatoire national supérieur de musique et de danse de Paris）學習期間，他從《高雅而憂傷的圓舞曲》（Valses nobles et sentimentales）中感受到甜美與惆悵並存的情感，並強調拉威爾音樂不僅展現技巧，更是色彩與情感的表達。這一點在〈史卡波〉的戲劇張力與《庫普蘭之墓》（Le Tombeau de Couperin）的嚴謹結構中尤為突出。

　　相較之下，另一位鋼琴家謝瀟龍（François-Xavier Poizat）的知名度稍低，但其專輯因收錄拉威爾的協奏曲、獨奏曲、室內樂與藝術歌曲，並獲《留聲機》雜誌評為二○二四年十一月「本月最佳錄音」而受到關注。謝瀟龍一九八九年出生於法國，四歲學琴，十二歲被阿格麗希（Martha Argerich）發掘後走上專業音樂家的道路。對謝瀟龍而言，拉威爾音樂既獨特又多變：《鏡》展現印象派風格，《水之嬉戲》（Jeux d'eau）致敬古典主義，《庫普蘭之墓》帶有極簡氣息，《波麗露》（Boléro）則充滿浪漫張力。他尤愛《水之嬉戲》，認為其融合浪漫與印象派的精緻結構，體現拉威爾對鋼琴聲響的精準掌控。與趙成珍的〈史卡波〉相比，謝瀟龍淡化炫技，強調戲劇性與俏皮感。

　　此外，他的專輯收錄也收錄了罕見曲目如《怪誕小夜曲》（Sérénade grotesque）與《升C小調小步舞曲》，以及爵士標準曲《The Lamp is Low》。這首曲子是美國作曲家Peter DeRose根據《死公主的孔雀舞》改編，Mitchell Parrish填詞，保留了拉威爾原作的抒情與哀婉特質，融入爵士的和聲與節奏，營造出溫暖而感性的氛圍。其旋律流暢、結構靈活，適合即興演奏，因而成為眾多爵士音樂家的翻唱對象，例如這個法蘭克‧辛納屈的演唱版本。本曲在謝瀟龍的專輯以爵士三重奏的方式演出，巧妙點出拉威爾音樂中潛藏的爵士元素。

　　說到在一個晚上演出拉威爾十三首鋼琴獨奏曲，很難不讓人想到法國鋼琴家沙馬尤（Bertrand Chamayou）。沙馬尤他認為拉威爾音樂是技術與詩意的平衡，音符如精密鐘錶般各司其職。他多次挑戰在獨奏會演出拉威爾全集，二○一六年的全集錄音是他事業上里程碑。唱片公司在今年推出黑膠版，並於春季發行新專輯《碎片》（Fragments）。

　　《碎片》以改編曲與致敬作品為核心，呈現拉威爾音樂的多重視角。專輯收錄拉威爾親自改編的《達孚尼與克羅埃》選段及《圓舞曲》鋼琴版，展現其將管弦樂色彩轉化為鋼琴語言的能力。此外，還包括湯斯曼（Alexandre Tansman）、奧乃格（Arthur Honegger）、孟特薩爾瓦吉（Xavier Montsalvatge）及若拉（Betsy Jolas）等作曲家的致敬曲，跨越時代，凸顯拉威爾對後世的影響。沙馬尤表示，拉威爾音樂融合法國優雅與異國情調，結構精巧且富有想像力，這張專輯不僅重現其作品的詩意，也藉此探索其跨時代

　　從新版樂譜到趙成珍、謝瀟龍與沙馬尤的新詮釋，二○二五年多彩多姿的各種拉威爾紀念活動，再次展現這位作曲家的豐富性與多面性。無論是技術挑戰、情感深度還是文化影響，拉威爾的音樂都有寬廣的視野與深厚的內涵可供發掘，歷久彌新，持續吸引著世代的愛樂者與演奏者，證明其跨越時代的魅力。

The year 2025 marks the 150th anniversary of French composer Maurice Ravel, with numerous musical events and releases dedicated to his legacy.

Breitkopf & Härtel has published new Urtext editions of Ravel's Piano Concerto in G Major, La Valse, and the opera L'Enfant et les sortilèges, edited by Ravel expert Jean-François Monnard. These editions correct past errors and include scholarly introductions and analyses of Ravel's orchestration and harmonies. The piano concerto edition also features fingerings suggested by Pascal Rogé, making it more practical for performers.

In recordings and performances, Korean pianist Seong-Jin Cho is drawing significant attention. He has released a complete recording of Ravel's solo piano works, along with live performances of both piano concertos with Andris Nelsons and the Boston Symphony Orchestra. From January to June, he will tour Europe, America, and Asia, performing Ravel's 13 solo piano pieces in chronological order, with each recital lasting nearly three hours.

Cho's deep connection with Ravel's music began in childhood when he first played Alborada del gracioso from Miroirs, drawn to its technical challenges. During his school years, he frequently performed Scarbo from Gaspard de la nuit in competitions, relishing its complexity. However, playing La Valse in high school made him realize the expressive depth of Ravel's music, influencing his approach to this recording project. He describes Ravel's music as appearing simple on the surface but containing intricate structures that demand control and subtlety.

French-Swiss pianist François-Xavier Poizat, though less well-known than Cho, gained recognition with his Ravel album, which was named Recording of the Month by Gramophone in November 2024. His album includes Ravel's concertos, solo piano works, chamber music, and art songs. Poizat, discovered by Martha Argerich at age 12, highlights Ravel's versatility—from the impressionistic Miroirs and classical-inspired Jeux d'eau to the minimalist Le Tombeau de Couperin and the dramatic Boléro. He particularly appreciates Jeux d'eau for its blend of romantic and impressionist styles, emphasizing Ravel's precise control of piano sound.

Poizat's recording also features rare pieces like Sérénade grotesque and Menuet in C-sharp minor, as well as a jazz interpretation of The Lamp is Low, a jazz standard based on Ravel's Pavane pour une infante défunte. This version, performed as a jazz trio, highlights the hidden jazz elements in Ravel's music.

Another notable pianist, Bertrand Chamayou, has long explored Ravel's works, balancing technical precision with poetic expression. His 2016 complete Ravel recordings were a career milestone, and his record label is now reissuing them on vinyl. In 2025, he will release Ravel Fragments, a new album featuring Ravel's own piano transcriptions and tribute pieces by composers such as Tansman, Honegger, Montsalvatge, and Jolas. Chamayou sees Ravel's music as a fusion of French elegance and exotic influences, with meticulously crafted structures full of imagination.

From newly edited sheet music to fresh interpretations by Cho, Poizat, and Chamayou, the 2025 Ravel anniversary celebrations highlight the composer's complexity, technical brilliance, and emotional depth. His music remains timeless, continuing to inspire musicians and audiences across generations.

*This English version is a concise summary of the original Chinese article.*

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